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IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME
ABSTRACT -
Irritable bowel syndrome is a common gastrointestinal disorder, also known as spastic colitis, mucus colitis and nervous colon. It is a constant or long-term condition which causes uneasiness, but it does not lead to severe complications.
CAUSES -
- Muscle contractions and inflammation in the intestines
- Abnormalities in the central nervous system.
- Bacterial and viral infections
- Changes in the Microflora good bacteria in the intestine
- Stress
- Hereditary factors
- Hormonal changes
- Muscle disorders
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
- Pain, swelling and cramps in the abdomen
- Excessive intestinal gas
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Mucus from rectum in the stools
- Irregular menstruations
- Joint or muscle pain
- Fatigue
DIAGNOSIS –
There is no particular test for diagnosing IBS, it generally involves ruling out the conditions that might trigger its occurrence. However, severe IBS can be identified through:
- Physical examination
- Blood test to detect lactose intolerance, intestinal bacterial over-development, celiac disease
- X-ray or CT scan
- Colonoscopy
- Sigmoidoscopy
- Stool test for blood or infection analysis
TREATMENT –
- Avoid high gas foods, go for high-fiber foods
- Increase fluid intake
- Exercise regularly for fitness
- Proper sleep
- Medications such as fiber supplements, anti-diarrheal etc
- Avoid sorbitol, chewing food items
- Psychological therapy
EPIDEMIOLOGY –
- Approximately 10-15% of adults gets affected from this syndrome.
- Estimation shows that the prevalence of Irritable bowel syndrome is higher in females than males.
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