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MESOTHELIOMA
ABSTRACT -
Mesothelioma is the cancer of mesothelial cells present in pleura or lining of lungs, heart, and abdomen. These are the cells that forms lining that covers the surface of body organs.
Types -- Pleural Mesothelioma
- Peritoneal Mesothelioma
- Pericardial Mesothelioma
CAUSES -
- Exposure to asbestos
- People who work with asbestos carries its fibers on their cloth and skin which can be dangerous for a healthy individual.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
- Pleural Mesotheliomas includes back pain, sweating, fever, difficulty in swallowing, uneasiness, coughing and weight loss.
- Peritoneal Mesothelioma includes weight loss, swelling, lumps and pain in abdomen, nausea and vomiting.
- Pericardial Mesothelioma includes low blood pressure, breathing problems, heart palpitations, fluid retention and edema in the legs, fatigue and chest pain.
COMPLICATIONS –
- Difficulty in breathing leads to breathlessness
- Chest pain
- Difficulty in swallowing
- Pain caused by pressure on the nerves and spinal cord
- Accumulation of fluid in the chest and nearby areas which compresses the lung and make breathing difficult.
DIAGNOSIS –
- CT Scans of the chest and abdomen
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
- Biopsy
TREATMENT –
- Immunotherapy
- Targeted therapy
- Radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Surgery
RISK FACTORS –
- Irradiation from exposure to asbestos fibres
- Inhalation of fibrous silicates such as erionite, zeolite and intrapleural thorium dioxide
- Hereditary factors
PREVENTIONS –
- Reduce exposure to asbestos
- Follow employer's safety regulations
- Wear protective masks
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