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PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
ABSTRACT -
Peripheral Neuropathy refers to the condition that causes damage to peripheral nerves. These nerves carry information from brain and spinal cord to rest of the body. Peripheral nervous system also send sensory information to Central nervous system. It affects different nerves of brain which impacts on other nerve locations in different ways.
Types –- Sensory Neuropathy
- Motor Neuropathy
- Autonomic Neuropathy
CAUSES -
- Certain bacterial and viral infections
- Diabetes
- Hereditary factors
- Tumors
- Bone marrow disease
- Autoimmune disease
- Alcohol
- Exposure to poisonous substances
- Vitamin deficiencies
- Accidents, injuries, traumas
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
- Sensory Neuropathy includes numbness, hypersensitivity, inability to detect changes in heat and cold, burning-lancing and stabbing sensations, boredom, increased pain or inability to feel pain
- Motor Neuropathy includes muscle weakness, cramps , paralysis , difficulty in performing small movements like buttoning a shirt as well
COMPLICATIONS –
- Traumatization
- Severe viral infections
- Continuous giddiness
DIAGNOSIS –
- Neurological examination
- Blood Test
- CT or MRI Scan
- Nerve Function Test
- Nerve Biopsy
- Skin Biopsy
TREATMENT –
- Therapies such as Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), Plasma exchange and intravenous immune globulin, Physical therapy
- Surgery
- Pain relievers, antidepressants and anti-seizure medications
RISK FACTORS –
- Genetics
- Kidney , liver and thyroid disorders
- Alcohol and smoking
- Exposure to toxins
- Diabetes
- Vitamin deficiencies
PREVENTIONS –
- Avoid exposure to poisonous chemicals
- Exercise regularly
- Consume healthy diet
EPIDEMIOLOGY –
- The overall prevalence of Peripheral Neuropathy varies from 5 to 2400 per 10,000 population on a global level.
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