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HEART ATTACK
ABSTRACT -
Heart Attack occurs when blood supply to the heart gets blocked. It’s the death of a part of a heart muscle because there is no blood supply. Artery which supplies blood to the heart gets blocked due to fat or plaque deposits. It is also called as myocardial infarction. It can be fatal if left untreated. Regular medical checkup is recommended for these patients and hospitalization is required in emergency cases.
CAUSES -
- High cholesterol
- Coronary artery disease
- Internal clot formation
- Complete or partial blockages
- Smoking
- Unhealthy diet
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
- Chest pain
- Pressure, tightness, pain and aching sensation in chest and it might spread to the arms, neck and back as well
- Burning sensation in heart
- Breathlessness and restlessness
- Fatigue
- Cold sweat
- Nausea
- Dizziness
COMPLICATIONS-
- Cardiac Arrest
- Heart Failure
DIAGNOSIS –
- ECG
- Blood test
- X-ray
- Echocardiogram
- Cardiogram
- Stress test
- Cardiac CT and MRI
TREATMENT –
- Certain medications like thrombolytics, platelet aggregation inhibitors, pain relievers, blood thinning medicines and beta blockers
- Angioplasty
- Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
RISK FACTORS –
- Age: Chances increases with increasing age
- Men – Age of 45 and above
- Women – Age of 55 and above
- Smoking
- High BP
- Angina chest pain
- High cholesterol
- Family history
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Stress
PREVENTIONS –
- Medications for better heart functioning
- Healthy lifestyle
- Quit smoking
- Stress management
- Maintain blood sugar levels, cholesterol and blood pressure
EPIDEMIOLOGY –
- Estimation shows that around 17.5 million deaths occurs due to Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD) worldwide.
- 85% of CVD deaths happen due to heart attack & heart strokes.
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