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AMPRENAVIR
Generic Name: AMPRENAVIR
ABSTRACT -
Amprenavir is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor formerly used in combination antiretroviral therapy. It blocks HIV protease-mediated cleavage of viral gag-pol polyproteins, resulting in immature, noninfectious viral particles. Direct clinical use has largely been replaced by newer agents and the prodrug fosamprenavir in many settings.
DOSAGE -
Dosage should be determined only by an HIV specialist.
Historical adult regimens included oral twice-daily dosing in combination with other antiretroviral agents; current use should follow local HIV guidelines and product availability.
Do not use as monotherapy because resistance can develop rapidly.
Dose adjustment and regimen selection must consider hepatic function, resistance history, and interacting medicines.
SIDE EFFECTS–
- Possible side effects include:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Abdominal pain
- Rash
- Headache
- Oral or perioral paraesthesia
- Hyperlipidaemia
- Hyperglycaemia
- Elevated liver enzymes
- Lipodystrophy and severe skin reactions are possible.
ALLRGIC REACTIONS–
- Hypersensitivity to amprenavir, sulfonamide-related components, or excipients may occur.
- Symptoms may include rash, fever, mucosal lesions, facial swelling, breathing difficulty, or severe skin reactions.
- Important: Stop and seek urgent care for severe rash, blistering, or systemic allergic symptoms.
DRUG INTERACTIONS–
- Amprenavir is affected by CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers.
- Rifampin and St. John’s wort can reduce protease inhibitor exposure and should generally be avoided.
- Ergot derivatives, certain sedatives, antiarrhythmics, statins, PDE5 inhibitors, and hormonal contraceptives require careful review.
- Always perform a full antiretroviral interaction check.
PREAUTIONS–
- Use caution in hepatic impairment and chronic hepatitis B or C.
- Monitor viral load, CD4 count, liver enzymes, glucose, and lipid profile.
- Assess resistance history before use.
- Pregnancy and paediatric use require specialist guidance.
WARNINGS –
- Do not interrupt or change HIV therapy without specialist advice.
- Drug interactions can be serious or fatal.
- Severe rash or liver injury requires immediate medical evaluation.
- Keep out of reach of children.
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