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CALCIUM CARBIMIDE
Generic Name: CALCIUM CARBIMIDE
ABSTRACT -
Calcium carbimide (cyanamide) is an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) inhibitor used as an alcohol aversion agent for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Like disulfiram, it inhibits hepatic ALDH, causing accumulation of acetaldehyde after alcohol ingestion, producing an unpleasant flushing-nausea reaction that deters alcohol consumption. It has been used clinically in Canada and Europe.
DOSAGE -
2500 IU/m² intravenously or intramuscularly, administered no more frequently than every 21 days as part of the ALL treatment regimen.
SIDE EFFECTS -
- Acetaldehyde reaction on alcohol exposure (flushing, nausea, tachycardia, hypotension)
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Skin rash
- Hepatotoxicity (rare)
ALLERGIC REACTIONS -
These symptoms may indicate an allergic reaction and require immediate medical attention.
- Drug hypersensitivity rash
- Urticaria
- Angioedema
- Anaphylaxis (rare)
DRUG INTERACTIONS-
- Severe and potentially fatal reaction with alcohol — contraindicated with any alcohol-containing products
- Warfarin: inhibition of ALDH may alter metabolism — monitor INR
- Phenytoin: levels may be increased
PREAUTONS–
- Patient must consent to aversion therapy and understand the alcohol reaction
- Hepatic function screening before initiation and periodically
- Cardiovascular disease — use with caution (acetaldehyde cardiovascular effects)
- Psychosis or suicidal ideation — psychiatric evaluation required
WARNINGS –
- Fatal cardiovascular collapse reported with large alcohol ingestion during therapy
- Avoid in pregnancy — acetaldehyde teratogenic
- Never administer without patient's full knowledge and consent
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