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OSTEOPOROSIS
ABSTRACT -
Osteoporosis also defined as Porous Bone, is a condition in which the bones become extremely weak and fragile. It becomes so brittle that a minor fall or even a bend can cause severe conditions in the bones such as fractures. It happens when the bone tissues whose work is to break down and replace old bones with new ones does not function properly because there is no creation or very less creation of new bones for replacement. It is quite curable and can be avoided with some preventive measures like changes in the lifestyle habits.
CAUSES -
- Improper diet
- Low sex hormones
- Medical issues like cancer, kidney disease etc
- Excessive caffeine intake
- Inactiveness
- Certain medications like Glucocorticoids, proton pump inhibitors and antiseizure medications etc
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
- Back pain
- Curved posture
- Frequent injuries and fragile bones
- Loss of Height
COMPLICATIONS –
- Fractures in spine and hip
- Life threatening or becomes fatal
- Disability in walking
- Lost height
DIAGNOSIS –
- Physical examination
- Blood Test
- X-ray
TREATMENT –
- Prescribed medications for bone building like Biophosphonates, monoclonal antibody medications
- Therapies such as hormone therapy
RISK FACTORS –
- Ageing
- Genetics
- Thyroid
- Excessive medication consumption
- Alcohol and tobacco abuse
- Inactive lifestyle
- Unhealthy, low calcium and imbalanced diet
CAUSES -
- Exercise regularly
- Healthy and balanced diet with proper Protein, Calcium and Vitamin-D
- Avoid smoking and alcohol
- Maintain body weight
EPIDEMIOLOGY -
- The estimation shows that osteoporosis is the major reason for more than 1.5 million cases of fractures world wide
- 1 out of 2 females and 1 out of 4 males are prone to have fractures once in their lifetime because of osteoporosis.
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