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ESOPHAGITIS
ABSTRACT -
Esophagitis is an inflammation of the esophagus which damages the muscular tube that passes the food from mouth to stomach. There can be several types of esophagitis depending upon its occurrence. The inflammation can be due to infection or irritation in the esophagus.
Types:- Reflux Esophagitis
- Infectious Esophagitis
- Barrett's Esophagus
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Behcet's Syndrome
CAUSES -
- Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) also called as Esophageal Sphincter, wherein the backflow of acid into the esophagus from stomach becomes frequent which causes inflammation and irritation.
- Some allergies such as Eosinophilic Esophagitis in response to acid reflux
- Some oral medications or drugs can damage the tissues if remain in the lining of esophagus after consumption
- Infections can occur due to bacteria, fungi or virus affecting esophageal tissues
- Weakened immune system
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS -
- Pain and difficulty while swallowing
- Chest pain while eating
- Heartburn
- Food trapping in the esophagus
- Acid regurgitation
- Abdominal pain
- Lack of appetite
- Nausea, vomiting
- Mouth sores
- Cough
DIAGNOSIS -
- Bium X-ray
- Endoscopy
- Laboratory tests
TREATMENT -
- OTC (Over the counter) medications includes Antacids which minimizes acid production
- Surgery
- Proton pump inhibitors
- Steroids
- Elimination of culprit foods
PREVENTIONS
- Avoid consumption of caustic substances like household cleaners, garden chemicals.
- Intake of oral medications should be with good amount of water in straight position.
RISK FACTORS –
- Eating right before going to sleep
- Alcohol, caffeine, chocolate and mint-flavored food
- Heavy and fatty meals
- Smoking
- Obesity
EPIDEMIOLOGY -
Estimation shows that people of all ages can be affected by Esophagitis but it has been commonly observed in children and adults with 30-40 years of age.
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