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OVARIAN CANCER
ABSTRACT -
Ovarian cancer also known as Metastatic Ovarian Cancer happens when the abnormal malignant cells grows, multiplies in the ovary and forms a tumor. This tumor can spread to the other parts of the body if it is left undetected and untreated.
Types :- Epithelial Tumors
- Stromal Tumors
- Germ Cell Tumors
CAUSES -
Mutations in DNA, however the exact cause is still unknown.SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS –
- Inflammation or swelling in the abdomen
- Improper eating habits
- Weight loss
- Uneasiness in the pelvis area
- Constipation
- Frequent urination
DIAGNOSIS –
- Pelvic Examination
- Imaging tests such as Ultrasound or CT Scans
- Blood Test
- Laparoscopy
- Colonoscopy
- Biopsy
- Surgery to remove the ovary and tested to detect the signs of cancer
TREATMENT –
- Surgery for the removal for ovaries, fallopian tubes, omentum and uterus
- Cytoreductive or debulking surgery
- Chemotherapy
- Targeted therapy
- Hormone Therapy to prevent estrogen to spread the cancer cells.
- Radiation Therapy
RISK FACTORS –
- Hereditary factors
- Genetic mutations in genes
- Obesity
- Intake of certain fertility drugs or hormone therapies
- Pregnancy
- Endometriosis
EPIDEMIOLOGY –
- Estimation shows that it is the fifth most common cause of cancer deaths among females.
- There is 94% possibility of survival for at least 5 years if ovarian cancer is detected in early stages.
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